Bihar General Knowledge, one of India’s most verifiably wealthy and socially dynamic states, holds a interesting position in the country’s embroidered artwork. Known as the origin of Buddhism and Jainism, Bihar has been a center of antiquated instruction, political control, and social legacy. This direct on Bihar Common Information is made to give you with fundamental data around the state—its topography, history, economy, culture, and critical actualities. Whether you are planning for competitive exams, improving your information, or fair inquisitive around Bihar, this web journal covers all critical aspects.
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Introduction to Bihar
Bihar is found in the eastern portion of India, sharing borders with Nepal to the north, West Bengal to the east, Uttar Pradesh to the west, and Jharkhand to the south. It is the 13th biggest state in India by range and the third most Bihar general knowledge for competitive exams.
Capital and Major Cities
Capital: Patna
Other major cities: Gaya, Bhagalpur, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Purnia, and Nalanda
Patna, arranged on the banks of the waterway Ganges, is one of the most seasoned ceaselessly occupied places in the world.
Geography of Bihar
Bihar’s scene is primarily a prolific alluvial plain shaped by the Ganges Stream and its tributaries. The state’s topography can be isolated into three major regions:
Northern Bihar Fields: Prolific lands perfect for agriculture.
Southern Bihar Level: Portion of the Chota Nagpur Level, rough and less fertile.
River Valleys: Ganges and its tributaries like Gandak, Kosi, and Child make wealthy alluvial soil.
Climate
Bihar encounters a tropical rainstorm climate.
Summers are hot, with temperatures rising up to 45°C.
Winters are mellow and can drop to around 5°C.
The state gets precipitation basically amid the storm months (June to September).
Historical Significance
Bihar has played a pivotal part in Indian history. The state is celebrated for old colleges and its association to a few major devout and political movements.
Ancient Era
Magadha Realm: Bihar was the center of the Magadha kingdom, one of the most capable old Indian empires.
Buddhism and Jainism: Bihar is the origin of Buddhism. Master Buddha achieved edification in Bodh Gaya, a city in Bihar. Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, was too born here.
Nalanda College: One of the world’s to begin with private colleges, it pulled in understudies from over Asia.
Medieval and Present day Era
Bihar was ruled by different traditions counting the Mauryas, Guptas, Palas, and afterward by the Delhi Sultanate and Mughals.
It played a noteworthy part amid the Indian autonomy development. Pioneers like Dr. Rajendra Prasad (India’s to begin with President) and Jayaprakash Narayan hailed from Bihar.
Demographics and Language
Population: Over 120 million (as per later gauges), making it the third most crowded state after Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.
Languages: Hindi is the official dialect. Other broadly talked dialects incorporate Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, and Urdu.
Religion: Overwhelmingly Hindu, with critical Muslim and littler Christian, Sikh, and Jain communities.
Economy of Bihar
Bihar’s economy is fundamentally agrarian but has been differentiating in later years.
Agriculture
About 75% of Bihar’s populace depends on agriculture.
Major crops: Rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, beats, and oilseeds.
The ripe Gangetic fields make Bihar one of the driving makers of natural products and vegetables in India.
Industry and Services
Bihar has developing divisions in fabricating, nourishment preparing, and textiles.
The benefit division, counting instruction and tourism, is growing.
Despite challenges, Bihar is appearing relentless financial development with moved forward framework and governance.
Culture and Traditions
Bihar brags a wealthy social legacy reflected in its celebrations, move, music, and Important facts about Bihar.
Festivals
Chhath Puja: One of the most imperative celebrations of Bihar committed to the Sun God.
Sonepur Mela: One of Asia’s biggest cattle fairs held yearly in Sonepur.
Other celebrations incorporate Diwali, Holi, Eid, and Teej.
Dance and Music
Folk moves like Bidesia, Jat-Jatin, and Jhijhiya.
Traditional music incorporates Maithili and Bhojpuri society songs.
Cuisine
Popular dishes incorporate Litti Chokha, Sattu Paratha, Dal Pitha, and Thekua.
The nourishment reflects the nearby agrarian deliver and culinary style.
Education in Bihar
Bihar is an imperative instructive center with numerous notable and present day institutions.
Nalanda College: As of late restored, it’s a image of Bihar’s old academic tradition.
Patna College: One of the most seasoned colleges in India.
IIT Patna and NIT Patna are among head specialized institutes.
The state government is centering on progressing proficiency rates and instruction quality.
Tourist Attractions in Bihar
Bihar pulls in sightseers interested in history, most profound sense of being, and culture.
Bodh Gaya: The put where Buddha achieved enlightenment.
Nalanda: Ruins of the antiquated university.
Rajgir: Celebrated for its hot springs, and verifiable and devout sites.
Vaishali: Origin of Master Mahavira and an critical archeological site.
Patna Sahib Gurudwara: One of the holiest Sikh shrines.
Sonepur Mela: Celebrated cattle reasonable pulling in guests nationwide.
Important Actualities and Figures
State Arrangement: Bihar was shaped on 22 Walk 1912.
Area: Roughly 94,163 square kilometers.
Literacy Rate: Almost 70.9% (concurring to the 2011 Census).
Governor: The current Senator (as of 2025) is Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar.
Chief Serve: Nitish Kumar (a conspicuous political pioneer known for administration reforms).
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Famous Personalities:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad (India’s to begin with President)
Jayaprakash Narayan (Opportunity warrior and social reformer)
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar (Famous poet)
Bihar in Politics
Bihar has a energetic political scene with major parties counting Janata Dal (Joined together), Rashtriya Janata Dal, Bharatiya Janata Party, and Indian National Congress.
The state is known for its dynamic political interest and critical impact in national politics.
Bihar in Competitive Exams
Bihar-related common information is habitually inquired in competitive exams such as:
Bihar Open Benefit Commission (BPSC) exams
Railway Enrollment Board (RRB) exams
SSC and other government work exams
UPSC prelims and mains
Important Points to Keep in mind for Exams
History and culture of Bihar
Geography and climate
Important traveler places
Economy and agriculture
Political structure and leaders
Famous celebrations and personalities
Challenges and Development
Despite its wealthy legacy, Bihar faces challenges like destitution, unemployment, and framework advancement. Be that as it may, later government activities in instruction, roadways, and industry have impelled advance.
History of Bihar
Q: What was the ancient name of Bihar?
A: Magadha
Q: Which empire was founded in Bihar?
A: Maurya Empire (by Chandragupta Maurya)
Q: Where did Gautama Buddha attain enlightenment?
A: Bodh Gaya
Q: Which famous university was located in ancient Bihar?
A: Nalanda University
Q: Who was the first Chief Minister of Bihar?
A: Shri Krishna Sinha (1946)
Q: Which battle was fought in Bihar in 1764?
A: Battle of Buxar
Q: Which dynasty ruled Bihar during the Gupta period?
A: Gupta Dynasty
Q: Where did Mahavira, the 24th Jain Tirthankara, attain Nirvana?
A: Pawapuri
Q: Which Mughal emperor built the Patna Sahib Gurudwara?
A: Aurangzeb (in honor of Guru Gobind Singh)
Q: Which British official introduced the Permanent Settlement System in Bihar?
A: Lord Cornwallis (1793)
Geography of Bihar
Q: Which river flows through Bihar?
A: Ganga
Q: Which is the highest peak in Bihar?
A: Someshwar Fort (880 meters)
Q: Which national park is located in Bihar?
A: Valmiki National Park
Q: Which district is known as the "Land of Makhana"?
A: Darbhanga
Q: Which dam is built on the Kosi River?
A: Kosi Barrage (Bhimnagar)
Q: Which is the largest district in Bihar by area?
A: West Champaran
Q: Which is the smallest district in Bihar?
A: Sheohar
Q: Which state does Bihar share its longest border with?
A: Uttar Pradesh
Q: Which river is called the "Sorrow of Bihar"?
A: Kosi River
Q: Which famous wildlife sanctuary is in Bihar?
A: Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary
Politics & Administration
Q: Who is the current Chief Minister of Bihar (2024)?
A: Nitish Kumar
Q: Who was the first woman Chief Minister of Bihar?
A: Rabri Devi
Q: How many Lok Sabha seats are there in Bihar?
A: *40*
Q: How many Rajya Sabha seats does Bihar have?
A: *16*
Q: When was Bihar separated from Bengal?
A: *1912*
Q: Which political party founded the "Bihar Movement"?
A: Janata Party (led by Jayaprakash Narayan)
Q: Who was the first Governor of Bihar?
A: James David Sifton
Q: Which constitutional amendment led to the creation of Jharkhand from Bihar?
A: Bihar Reorganization Act, 2000
Q: Who is the current Governor of Bihar?
A: Rajendra Arlekar
Q: Which caste census was first conducted in Bihar?
A: 2023 Caste Census
Culture & Festivals
Q: What is the folk dance of Bihar?
A: Jhijhian
Q: Which festival is celebrated as the New Year in Bihar?
A: Chhath Puja
Q: Which classical dance originated in Bihar?
A: Jat-Jatin
Q: What is the traditional attire of Bihari women?
A: Saree with "Anchal" drape
Q: Which Bihari dish is famous worldwide?
A: Litti Chokha
Q: Which language is widely spoken in Bihar?
A: Hindi (Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi dialects)
Q: Which famous poet was born in Bihar?
A: Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar'
Q: Which music form is popular in Bihar?
A: Bidesia
Q: Where is the famous Sonepur Cattle Fair held?
A: Sonepur (Hajipur)
Q: Which temple in Bihar is dedicated to the Sun God?
A: Deo Sun Temple (Aurangabad)
Economy & Agriculture
Q: Which is the main crop of Bihar?
A: Rice
Q: Which industry is famous in Muzaffarpur?
A: Litchi production
Q: Which mineral is found in Bihar?
A: Mica (in Gaya & Nawada)
Q: Which canal is the largest in Bihar?
A: Sone Canal
Q: Which city is called the "Silk City of Bihar"?
A: Bhagalpur
Q: Which sugar mill is the oldest in Bihar?
A: Harpur Sugar Mill (Begusarai)
Q: Which is the largest producer of maize in Bihar?
A: Khagaria
Q: Which river valley project is in Bihar?
A: Kosi Project
Q: Which fruit is Bihar the largest producer of?
A: Lychee (Litchi)
Q: Which city is the economic capital of Bihar?
A: Patna
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Education & Institutions
Q: Which is the oldest university in Bihar?
A: Nalanda University (Ancient)
Q: Which IIT is located in Bihar?
A: IIT Patna
Q: Which famous medical college is in Bihar?
A: Patna Medical College and Hospital (PMCH)
Q: Where is the Chanakya National Law University located?
A: Patna
Q: Which is the largest university in Bihar?
A: Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Bihar University (Muzaffarpur)
Conclusion
Bihar is a state of contrasts — ancient yet modern, rural yet rapidly urbanizing, steeped in history yet aiming for a prosperous future. Its contributions to India’s spiritual, educational, and political heritage are immense. Understanding Bihar’s geography, history, culture, and economy enriches your knowledge and appreciation of this vibrant state.
Whether for academic purposes, competitive exams, or general curiosity, mastering Bihar general knowledge will help you grasp the significance of this fascinating part of India.
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